Resumen
Desde la década de 1980, un número creciente de países africanos empezó a enfrentar problemas para cumplir con los pagos de su deuda externa, fenómeno que no fue transitorio sino que mostró signos de agravamiento en los años posteriores. Diversos académicos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y líderes de opinión argumentaron que esta deuda se había convertido en una carga que frenaba las posibilidades de desarrollo en un continente con enormes carencias. En 1996, el Fondo Monetario Internacional y el Banco Mundial anunciaron la Iniciativa de Alivio de Deuda para los países pobres altamente endeudados (Iniciativa HIPC, por sus siglas en inglés), entre los que se incluyó a 33 países africanos. Debido a que sus propios promotores consideraron que esta iniciativa mostró ser insuficiente para atacar el problema, fue experimentando varias modificaciones, en un proceso que aún continúa.
Citas
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